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, by Samuel Thomsen
Free Download , by Samuel Thomsen
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Product details
File Size: 3443 KB
Print Length: 213 pages
Page Numbers Source ISBN: 1947537008
Simultaneous Device Usage: Unlimited
Publisher: Poise Press (September 15, 2017)
Publication Date: September 15, 2017
Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC
Language: English
ASIN: B075BC16C1
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Thompson has a very important contrarian message to give in our modern time of ever accelerating complexity, and our fetishist belief in technological and social "progress." His writing raises the question to what end are we striving so manically, and is it worth the costs of the destruction of our world and our traditional values to get there? He produces a compelling argument that, at least over a long enough time frame, it is logically inconstant that Bentham/Mill utility can ever be increased (permanently), that essentially the entire modern era our times are in overshoot, massive overshoot, based off the massive fossil fuels used by our society, and while this excess energy has removed the Malthusian starvation constraint (at least temporarily) unconstrained, humanity has mutilated wildly forgetting our time honed traditions and values.I think you would like this book if you enjoyed Matthew Crawfords, Shop Class as Soulcraft or any of Wendell Berry's writing, both other authors talk around the same issues and mixed feelings of the immense wealth of our times coupled with a poverty of our time's soul.
The early champions of classical utilitarianism worked to reform society so that the sum of human pleasure minus pain would increase over time. The central claim of this book is that efforts to achieve this kind of progress are doomed to fail: total pleasure minus pain must approach zero in the long run.The book’s argument for this claim can be summarized as follows. Population growth tends to be exponential in time, while resource growth tends to be at most cubic. If these tendencies are not checked, then the result is a struggle for survival in which evolutionary fitness must average to one across individuals over the long run. This selection pressure applies to tendencies to feel pleasure and pain, so that in the long run those tendencies will match the tendencies of various types of actions to promote evolutionary fitness. As a result, pleasure and pain summed over individuals summed over individuals must exactly balance in the long run.One way to escape from this long-run hedonic equilibrium is to depress population growth. Many humanitarian organizations promote birth control as the most palatable means of controlling population growth because they understand that exponential population growth inevitably leads to suffering. However, attempts to depress population growth face at least two major obstacles. First, they will only succeed in the long run if every society complies. If a given religious sect refuses, for instance, then that sect will grow exponentially while the rest is growing sub-exponentially. In the long run, the result will be that the entire society grows exponentially. If that problem overcome, then a second problem arises: in the absence of selection pressure, unchecked mutations become a new source of suffering.A second way to escape from hedonic equilibrium is to increase resources along with the population size. However, the laws of physics seem to preclude this option. Once we have exhausted the resources in a given volume of space, the only way to increase them is to travel in search of more resources. However, there is a fixed cap on how rapidly we can travel through the three dimensions of space, namely the cube of the speed of light. As a result, in the long run our resources cannot grow faster than cubically in time. Moreover, even if we could somehow overcome this problem--perhaps through some combination of automated space mining and suspended animation--the result would be again an absence of selection pressure and thus accumulation of harmful mutations.This argument is strong, elegant, and important. In the age of fossil fuels, we have become accustomed to resource growth keeping pace with population growth. Our humanitarian efforts are largely aimed at maintaining this pattern by replacing fossil fuels with renewable and non-polluting energy sources and by controlling population growth through birth control. If the argument of this book is correct, then those efforts cannot keep the party going indefinitely. We must eventually face some combination of selection pressure and genetic decay through mutation.My main hesitation about the book's argument is that I remain unsure about how strong the problem of genetic decay is and whether it suffices to ensure that total pleasure minus pain must approach zero in the long run, but it may be that my lack of clarity on this point is my fault rather than the author's.This book advocates responding to this problem by giving up global humanitarian ambitions, accepting that life involves struggle, and living a life of compassion within one’s local community. However, there may be another option. Perhaps we can continue to escape from selection pressure through some combination of birth control, renewable energy, and space exploration. We will then have to address the problem of genetic decay through genetic engineering. Our current science and technology are woefully inadequate for this task, but they will improve over time. If the argument of this book is correct, then this approach may be the only way in which progressive humanitarians can achieve their aims over the long run.
Samuel Thomsen's Progress Debunked, as the title states, takes careful aim at the notion of progress with the goal of re-zeroing the sights of philosophy in modernity, and I have to say he hits the mark dead-on. His argument against progress is well targeted and constructed with the care of a writer and philosopher that is publishing to communicate an important piece of wisdom and not merely to pad a curriculum vitae.The argument is suitably intricate, technical and well-cited when appropriate, while remaining completely intelligible to a philosophical layman, like myself. For the more academic or technically minded among us, the appendices are deeper waters in which to wade.
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